BARRIERS : SOLUTIONS

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The process of overcoming barriers and providing solutions for accessibility is a cycle that typically runs as follows:

  1. Ask - in order to help identify the problem

  2. Acknowledge - the guidelines that will help resolve it

  3. Allocate - resources (solutions) that will be adopted

  4. Adopt - the standards that will help resolve the issue at hand

  5. Assess - the standards that have been adopted.

  6. Acquire - tools that are specific in resolving the issue and also appropriate for the organization's skill sets

  7. Assign - by implementing the tools and techniques that have been selected

  8. Assess Again - the solutions that were introduced

  9. Affirm - solutions as appropriate or not

  10. Afix - solutions that work

Barriers and possible solutions:

 

Impairment
Poor Reading Poor Vision Blind Learning Mental Illness Poor Hearing Deaf Physical
Some relatively simple solutions     similar solutions as in poor vision   similar solutions as in learning disability   similar solutions as in poor hearing  
  Provide instructions on audiotape increase font size provide audio file use simple written language Provide all requests in writing use lower pitched sounds provide captioning chunk information
  provide examples using alternative mediums allow site to be resolution independent keep design with the use of TTY in mind provide examples using alternative mediums Allow interaction to take place in enclosed room to minimize distractions and/or stress provide captioning provide examples using alternative mediums increase font size
    allow user to change font sizes provide examples using alternative mediums Assist individual by breaking down instructions into simple steps for easy comprehension Extended test time Voice Amplification Devices Use of Sign Language Interpreters use larger areas as links
    Use of magnifiers   Modification of test presentation/response format   Sound Enhancement Systems   limit the use of forms / input
   

Use qualified readers 		      Computer-aided transcription    
    provide audio files       Provide written text of elements that are auditory    
    Use recorded textbooks           don't use time as a mechanism of interaction
Some relatively more involved solutions     provide alternative assistive technologies     Provide open and closed captioning provide alternative assistive technologies provide alternative assistive technologies
      provide braille solutions     Closed caption decoder provide touch screen solutions provide touch screen solutions
              (TTY’s) - Telephone with Text provide use of eye co-ordinated systems
              Use Relay Service provide sip-n-puff technologies

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Impairments and respective solutions:

Solution

Impairment

    
 

Vision

Blind

Learning

Hearing

Deaf

Physical

Non-Disabled

  
                 
Large Monitor Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark     Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark  
Antiglare Filter Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark     Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark  
Text Enlarging Software Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark          
Color / Brightness Key Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark       Affirmative Check Mark  
Large-Print Keytops Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark       Affirmative Check Mark  
Large-Print Output Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark          
Braille Keytops   Affirmative Check Mark            
Raised-Dot Home Keys Affirmative Check Mark   Affirmative Check Mark       Affirmative Check Mark  
Screen Reader / Synthesizer Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark          
Braille Software Translator   Affirmative Check Mark            
Refreshable Braille Display   Affirmative Check Mark            
Braille Printer   Affirmative Check Mark            
Speech Recognition Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark          
Show Sounds     Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark    
Captioning Text     Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark      
Alternate Keyboards           Affirmative Check Mark    
Trackballs           Affirmative Check Mark    
Screen Display Keyboards           Affirmative Check Mark    
Key Guard           Affirmative Check Mark    
Text Browser Software Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark            
Headphones     Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark        
OCR Scanning Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark          
Text Explaining Visual Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark Affirmative Check Mark          
                 

Fig 1: Adopted From:
Adaptive Technology for the Internet: Making Electronic Resources Accessible to All.
By Barbara T. Mates.
American Library Association. 2000.

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Last Updated: September 1, 2002